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# cesium atomic cooled

### Laser-Cooled Atoms: Cesium ScienceBlogs

Oct 31, 2017  Element: Cesium (Cs) Atomic Number: 55 Mass: One stable isotope, mass 133 amu. Laser cooling wavelength: 854nm, but see below. Doppler cooling limit:

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### Caesium - Wikipedia

Caesium (IUPAC spelling) (also spelled cesium in American English) is a chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-golden alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 °C (83.3 °F), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Caesium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium.

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### Laser-Cooled Atoms: Cesium – Uncertain Principles Archive

Sep 03, 2013  Happily, cesium has a laser cooling transition in the near infrared, at 854 nm, which is a relatively convenient laser wavelength. And, indeed, the best primary clocks in the world are now laser-cooled fountain clocks; the first came on-line in Paris in the 1990’s, and all the major national standards labs have fountains these days.

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### Ion microscopy based on laser-cooled cesium atoms ...

May 01, 2016  The performance of our complete FIB prototype based on the laser-cooled cesium atomic source has been demonstrated through the analysis of different samples. An example of the imaging capabilities at low and intermediate beam energies (2–5 keV) is shown in Fig. 3. Here, the specimen consists of a copper square grid placed over a lithographed ...

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### Phys. Rev. A 99, 023415 (2019) - Laser-cooled cesium atoms ...

Feb 14, 2019  We report loading of laser-cooled cesium atoms into a hollow-core photonic-band gap fiber and confining the atoms in the fiber's $7\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$-diameter core with a magic-wavelength dipole trap at $\ensuremath{\sim}935$ nm. The use of the magic wavelength removes the ac Stark shift of the 852 nm optical transition in cesium caused by the dipole

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### A laser cooled cesium atomic fountain: towards a high ...

The authors report the first realization of Zacharias's proposal for observing a Ramsey resonance in an atomic fountain. With presently achieved atom density and temperature, one envisions cold cesium fountain clocks with unprecedented performances both in stability (10 -16 /day) and accuracy (10 -16 ).

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### Laser Cooling of a Cesium Atomic Beam Using d1 Transitions ...

A cold cesium beam with a longitudinal speed of 40 m/sec is transversely cooled to 25 cm/sec, which corresponds to 500 muK. In this dissertation, I present a new method of laser cooling that produces a continuous cold atomic beam.

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### Caesium - Wikipedia

Caesium (IUPAC spelling) (also spelled cesium in American English) is a chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-golden alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 °C (83.3 °F), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Caesium

More

### Laser-Cooled Atoms: Cesium – Uncertain Principles Archive

Sep 03, 2013  Happily, cesium has a laser cooling transition in the near infrared, at 854 nm, which is a relatively convenient laser wavelength. And, indeed, the best primary clocks in the world are now laser-cooled fountain clocks; the first came on-line in Paris in the 1990’s, and all the major national standards labs have fountains these days.

More

### Phys. Rev. A 99, 023415 (2019) - Laser-cooled cesium atoms ...

We report loading of laser-cooled cesium atoms into a hollow-core photonic-band gap fiber and confining the atoms in the fiber's $7\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$-diameter core with a magic-wavelength dipole trap at $\ensuremath{\sim}935$ nm. The use of the magic wavelength removes the ac Stark shift of the 852 nm optical transition in cesium caused by the dipole trap in the ...

More

### Ion microscopy based on laser-cooled cesium atoms ...

May 01, 2016  The performance of our complete FIB prototype based on the laser-cooled cesium atomic source has been demonstrated through the analysis of different samples. An example of the imaging capabilities at low and intermediate beam energies (2–5 keV) is shown in Fig. 3. Here, the specimen consists of a copper square grid placed over a lithographed ...

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### Observation of Atoms Laser-Cooled Below the Doppler Limit

determined by laser-cooled cesium atomic clocks, including NIST’s F-1 fountain standard which came on line in December 1999. William Phillips joined the Electricity Division at NBS in 1978, and began his research in laser cooling soon thereafter, while continuing involvement in the Ampere experiment. Paul Lett, Richard Watts,

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### Solved: Cesium Atoms Cooled By Laser Light Could Be Used T ...

Question: Cesium Atoms Cooled By Laser Light Could Be Used To Build Inexpensive Atomic Clocks. In A Study In IEEE Transactions On Instrumentation And Measurement (2001, Vol. 50, Pp. 1224-1228) The Number Of Atoms Cooled By Lasers Of Various Powers (x) Were Counted.

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### Atomic nanofabrication by laser manipulation of a neutral ...

Dec 15, 2003  The system we realized is schematically represented in Fig. 1.The cesium beam, differently from standard atom lithography experiment where a high temperature oven is exploited as the atomic source, is produced by a pyramidal funnel , a simplified magneto-optical trap (MOT) that is able to generate an intense atomic beam, cooled also in the longitudinal velocity component.

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### Device for Generating a Low Temperature, Highly Ionized ...

cesium plasma source at Project Matterhorn. The vacuum chamber walls are cooled by means of a water jacket. Cesium atomic beams impinging on hot tungsten plates form the plasma which is contained by the magnetic field of solenoid. The tungsten plates are 50 em apart.

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### Atomic clock - Wikipedia

An atomic clock is a clock whose timekeeping mechanism is based on the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with the excited states of certain atoms.Specifically, either a hyperfine transition in the microwave, or electron transition in the optical or ultraviolet region of the emission spectrum of an atom is used as a frequency standard for the timekeeping element.

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### Atomic fountain - Wikipedia

The use of an atomic fountain with a cooled atomic cloud allows for wait times on the order of one second, which is vastly greater than what can be achieved by performing the Ramsey method on a hot atomic beam. This is one reason why NIST-F1, a caesium fountain clock, can keep time more precisely than NIST-7, a caesium beam clock.

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### MEASURING THE ELECTRON ELECTRIC DIPOLE MOMENT

dissertation is a project report of the Penn State eEDM search using laser-cooled Cesium atoms in optical lattices. In particular, I will describe experimental progress in apparatus development, quantum state preparation and state-selective fluorescence detection, and magnetometry using Larmor precession of spin-polarized atoms.

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### SYMPATHETIC COOLING OF LITHIUM BY LASER-COOLED CESIUM

CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles, Pradeep Teregowda): We present first indications of sympathetic cooling between two neutral trapped atomic species. Lithium and cesium atoms are simultaneously stored in an optical dipole trap formed by the focus of a CO2 laser, and allowed to interact for a given period of time. The temperature of the lithium gas is found to decrease ...

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### NIST-F1 Cesium Fountain Atomic Clock NIST

NIST-F1, the nation's primary time and frequency standard, is a cesium fountain atomic clock developed at the NIST laboratories in Boulder, Colorado. NIST-F1 contributes to the international group of atomic clocks that define Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), the official world time. ... The laser cooled atoms are launched vertically and pass ...

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### PROGRESS TOWARDS A LASER-COOLED CESIUM ATOMIC

an atomic frequency standard using a fountain of laser- cooled cesium atoms. We have recently observed Ramsey fringes on the 9.2 GHz clock transition and have begun preliminary work aimed at characterizing our fountain. This paper will describe the apparatus briefly, discuss our current work and near-term directions.

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### Caesium - Wikipedia

Caesium (IUPAC spelling) (also spelled cesium in American English) is a chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-golden alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 °C (83.3 °F), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Caesium

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### [1812.02887] Laser-cooled caesium atoms confined with ...

Dec 07, 2018  We report loading of laser-cooled caesium atoms into a hollow-core photonic-bandgap fiber and confining the atoms in the fiber's 7 $μm$ diameter core with a magic-wavelength dipole trap at $\\sim$935 nm. The use of the magic wavelength removes the AC-Stark shift of the 852nm optical transition in caesium caused by the dipole trap in the fiber core and suppresses the

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### Solved: Cesium Atoms Cooled By Laser Light Could Be Used T ...

Cesium atoms cooled by laser light could be used to build inexpensive atomic clocks. In a study in IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement (2001, Vol. 50, pp. 1224–1228) the number of atoms (y) cooled by lasers of various powers (x) were counted.

More

### SYMPATHETIC COOLING OF LITHIUM BY LASER-COOLED CESIUM

CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles, Pradeep Teregowda): We present first indications of sympathetic cooling between two neutral trapped atomic species. Lithium and cesium atoms are simultaneously stored in an optical dipole trap formed by the focus of a CO2 laser, and allowed to interact for a given period of time. The temperature of the lithium gas is found to decrease ...

More

### MEASURING THE ELECTRON ELECTRIC DIPOLE MOMENT

dissertation is a project report of the Penn State eEDM search using laser-cooled Cesium atoms in optical lattices. In particular, I will describe experimental progress in apparatus development, quantum state preparation and state-selective fluorescence detection, and magnetometry using Larmor precession of spin-polarized atoms.

More

### Solved: Cesium Atoms Cooled By Laser Light Could Be Used T ...

Question: Cesium Atoms Cooled By Laser Light Could Be Used To Build Inexpensive Atomic Clocks. In A Study In IEEE Transactions On Instrumentation And Measurement (2001, Vol. 50, Pp. 1224-1228) The Number Of Atoms Cooled By Lasers Of Various Powers (x) Were Counted.

More

### Atomic nanofabrication by laser manipulation of a neutral ...

Dec 15, 2003  The system we realized is schematically represented in Fig. 1.The cesium beam, differently from standard atom lithography experiment where a high temperature oven is exploited as the atomic source, is produced by a pyramidal funnel , a simplified magneto-optical trap (MOT) that is able to generate an intense atomic beam, cooled also in the longitudinal velocity component.

More

### Device for Generating a Low Temperature, Highly Ionized ...

cesium plasma source at Project Matterhorn. The vacuum chamber walls are cooled by means of a water jacket. Cesium atomic beams impinging on hot tungsten plates form the plasma which is contained by the magnetic field of solenoid. The tungsten plates are 50 em apart.

More

### Atomic fountain - Wikipedia

The use of an atomic fountain with a cooled atomic cloud allows for wait times on the order of one second, which is vastly greater than what can be achieved by performing the Ramsey method on a hot atomic beam. This is one reason why NIST-F1, a caesium fountain clock, can keep time more precisely than NIST-7, a caesium beam clock.

More

### Keeping Time with Atoms - Science in the News

Dec 30, 2010  These more accurate “optical atomic” clocks use atomic oscillations at the frequencies of visible light [1]. In addition, a team of researchers in Germany recently used a phenomenon called “entanglement” to dampen interactions among a group of super-cooled atoms of an element similar to caesium, rubidium, trapped on a chip.

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### Standards of Time and Frequency at the Outset of the 21st ...

Nov 19, 2004  After 50 years of development, microwave atomic clocks based on cesium have achieved fractional uncertainties below 1 part in 1015, a level unequaled in all of metrology. The past 5 years have seen the accelerated development of optical atomic clocks, which may enable even greater improvements in timekeeping. Time and frequency standards with various levels of performance are

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### Observation of the cesium clock transition using laser ...

ble atomic clock. In this experiment cesium atoms in a low-pressure vapor were optically trapped. The trapped atoms were then cooled further and optically pumped into the 6S I F, mF) = 14, 0) state. Subsequently all light was switched off, permitting the atoms to fall in the dark under the force of gravity. As the atoms fell, two

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### Realization of an electron source by ionization of a laser ...

Realization of an electron source by ionization of a laser-cooled cesium atomic beam . By Guyve Khalili. ... to create a caesium atomic beam. The transverse temperature of the beam is around 100 µK. Despite this, the beam is still too divergent after exiting the cooling area. To guide the atomic beam up to the ionisation area, we have studied ...

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### The Cesium Physics Package Design for the PARCS

a laser-cooled cesium-beam atomic clock as a science payload for the International Space Station (ISS). The three primary goals of the PARCS experiment are (1) to demonstrate laser cooling of atoms in space, (2) to use laser cooling to build the most accurate space clock, and (3) to

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